What are the forms of static damage to electronic products?
The basic physical properties of static electricity are: attraction or repulsion, and there is a potential difference from the earth, which will generate a discharge current. The three effects of these three features on electronic components:
1. Electrostatic adsorption of dust reduces component insulation resistance (short life).
2. The electrostatic discharge is destroyed, so that the component is damaged and cannot work (complete destruction).
3. The heat generated by an electrostatic discharge electric field or current causes the component to be injured (potentially damaged).
4. The electromagnetic field generated by electrostatic discharge has a large amplitude (up to several hundred volts/meter) and an extremely wide spectrum (from tens of megahertz to several gigahertz), causing interference or even damage to the electronic device (electromagnetic interference).
If all components are destroyed, they must be detected and eliminated in production and quality control. The impact is small. If the components are slightly damaged, they are not easy to find under normal test. In this case, they are often processed through multiple layers. When it is already in use, it is found that damage is not easy to check, and its loss is difficult to predict. It takes a lot of manpower and financial resources to find out all the problems, and if you detect the failure when you use it, the loss will be huge.
There are many anti-static products, such as:
Anti-static clothes, shoes, hat, gloves, sleeves.
Anti-static plastic box, hollow board box, knife card, chair.
Anti-static mat, wrist strap, foot bowl, tweezers.
Anti-static component box, PCB turnover box, and turnover car.
Anti-static trolley, shelf, workbench, floor wax.
Anti-static shielding bag, mesh bag, moisture-proof bag.
Static electricity is a charge that is at rest. When the electric charge accumulates on an object or surface, static electricity is formed, and the electric charge is divided into two types: positive electric quantity and negative electric quantity. That is to say, the electrostatic phenomenon is also divided into two types, namely, positive static electricity and negative static electricity.
When a positive charge accumulates on an object, positive static electricity is formed. When the negative charge accumulates on an object, negative static electricity is formed, but whether it is positive or negative static, when a charged object contacts a zero potential object (grounding) Charge transfer occurs when an object or an object with a potential difference is a common spark discharge phenomenon.
People often encounter this phenomenon in daily life: when they are undressing and sleeping at night, they often hear the sound of squeaking in the dark, and they are accompanied by blue light. When they shake hands and touch each other, they will suddenly feel the acupuncture of their fingertips. The stinging is horrifying; when you comb your hair in the morning, your hair will often "float" and become more and more chaotic.
Hazards caused by electrostatic attraction (ESA):
(1) Electronics industry: Adsorption of dust, causing contamination of integrated circuits and semiconductor components, greatly reducing the yield.
(2) Film and plastic industry: film or film is not wound up; film, CD plastic disk is contaminated with dust, affecting quality.
(3) Paper-making printing industry: paper winding is not uniform, overprinting is not allowed, serious suction, and even paper bonding, affecting production.
(4) Textile industry: causing damage to the roots, broken flowers, broken yarns, etc.
The harm of static electricity is obvious to all. Now more and more manufacturers have begun to implement various levels of anti-static measures and engineering.
However, it should be recognized that perfect and effective anti-static engineering should be based on the actual situation of different enterprises and different operating objects, and develop corresponding countermeasures. Anti-static measures should be systematic and comprehensive. Otherwise, it may be half the effort and even cause destructive reaction.