Cleanrooms also need to prevent static electricity.
How to Eliminate Static Sparks
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Static electricity is a common electrical phenomenon. Under certain conditions, when two dissimilar substances (at least one of which is an electrolyte) come into contact or rub against each other, static electricity can accumulate and generate a high voltage. If this static energy is released in the form of sparks, it can become an ignition source, causing fires and explosions. Fires and explosions caused by static electricity can occur in the petrochemical industry, plastics, chemical fibers, rubber, printing, papermaking, textiles, and other industries that manufacture, process, store, and transport high-resistance materials.
Friction caused by the relative motion of two solids, and the flow of gases, liquids, or powders containing solid or liquid impurities in pipelines can all generate static electricity. Specifically, in industrial production processes, various operations such as tearing, peeling, stretching, and impacting materials; crushing, screening, rolling, mixing, conveying, spraying, and filtering materials; and the flow, splashing, and injection of gases and liquids can all generate static electricity. Static electricity must be eliminated in flammable and explosive hazardous areas to prevent fires and explosions. According to the national "General Guidelines for Preventing Static Electricity Accidents," static electricity can be eliminated through the following two measures.
Suppressing Static Electricity Generation
When designing and manufacturing production equipment for cleanrooms, careful attention must be paid to material selection. Electrostatic charging sequences can be decoupled based on the polarity of the materials they charge. In a production system, if two materials come into contact and rub against each other, materials with similar electrostatic charging sequences should be selected as much as possible. Secondly, the flow rate of fluids in pipes should be limited. The faster the flow rate, the greater the potential for static electricity generation.
Limiting Static Electricity Accumulation
Accelerating the discharge or neutralization of static electricity generated during the process and limiting its accumulation to safe levels can also prevent static electricity sparks. Grounding equipment and pipelines is the simplest, most commonly used, and most fundamental anti-static measure, but it only eliminates static electricity on conductors, not on insulators. Adding conductive fillers or antistatic agents to insulators can accelerate the conduction and dissipation of static electricity and prevent static electricity accumulation. Also, increasing air humidity can be appropriate. When relative humidity exceeds 70%, a very thin film of water often forms on surfaces. This film dissolves carbon dioxide in the air, significantly reducing surface resistivity and accelerating static electricity dissipation. It is best to use an electrostatic neutralizer, which can neutralize the static electricity carried by objects and greatly eliminate the danger of static electricity.