Electrostatic damage to electronic components and protection principles
Depending on different types of electronic components, the degree of electrostatic damage is also different, and static voltages as low as 100V can also cause damage. In recent years, as the development of electronic components tends to be integrated, the corresponding electrostatic voltage has also been continuously reduced.
The electrostatic voltage induced by the human body is usually above 2-4KV, which is usually caused by slight movement of the human body or friction with insulating materials. In other words, if the electrostatic potential in our daily lives comes into contact with integrated circuits, almost all integrated circuits will be destroyed. This danger exists in any working environment where no electrostatic protection measures are taken. The damage of static electricity to integrated circuits is not only reflected in the manufacturing process of electronic components, but also in the process of assembling and transporting integrated circuits.
In order to solve the above problems, the following electrostatic protection measures can be taken:
1. Electrostatic protection on the job site. Equipment sensitive to static electricity must be used in the anti-static work area;
2. Electrostatic protection of the human body. Operators should wear anti-static overalls, gloves, work shoes, work caps and wrist straps.
3. Electrostatic protection during storage and transportation. Storage and transportation of electrostatic sensitive equipment cannot be carried out in a charged state.
In order to achieve the above functions, the basic method is to try to reduce the voltage of the load object to achieve the safety value required by the design. That is, the charge (Q) and resistance (R) in the following formula must be small, and the electrostatic capacitance (C) must be large.
V = infrared
Q = resume
Where V: voltage, Q: charge I: current C: electrostatic capacity R: resistance
Of course, the resistance value will not be as low as possible, especially in a large area of antistatic, safety measures such as leakage must be considered before selecting materials. Electrostatic protection measures
Check and install the workplace for IC electrostatic protection. The purpose of anti-static measures in this process is to maintain the same potential in the workplace including the human body. The specific method is as follows:
1. Ground the 1 megohm resistor and wear an anti-static wrist strap;
2. Ground the tester, tools, soldering iron, etc.;
3. After laying the anti-static mat, ground the work surface.
4. Operators must wear anti-static overalls and work shoes;
5. Anti-static floor or conductive rubber mat on the ground;
6. During transportation and packaging, IC must be kept at the same potential.
Antistatic performance test cycle and matters needing attention
Anti-static rubber plates (table mats, floors), anti-static work shoes, anti-static work clothes, anti-static containers, etc. should be tested at least once a month. Anti-static wrist strap, air gun, fan, tools, etc. They need to test once a day. During the test, it is necessary to consider factors such as the temperature and humidity of the test site.