How electrostatic precipitators work
The working principle of the electrostatic precipitator: a gas containing dust particles, when a high-voltage electric field is formed between a cathode line (also called a corona pole) connected to a high-voltage DC power source and a grounded anode plate, corona occurs due to the cathode. The discharge and the gas are ionized. At this time, the negatively charged gas ions move to the sun plate under the action of the electric field force, and collide with the dust particles during the movement, so that the dust particles are negatively charged, and the charged dust particles are Under the action of the electric field force, it also moves toward the anode. After reaching the anode, the electrons are released, and the dust particles are deposited on the anode plate, and the purified gas is discharged outside the dustproof device.
According to the current types of electrostatic precipitators commonly found in China, they can be roughly divided into the following categories: vertical and horizontal according to the direction of airflow, plate and tube according to the type of sedimentary poles, and dust removal method according to the sediment plate. Divided into dry wet type. Advantages of electrostatic precipitator (1) High purification efficiency, capable of spreading fine dust of 0.01 micron or more. In the design, different operating parameters can be used to meet the required purification efficiency.
(2) The resistance loss is small, generally below 20 mm water column. Compared with the cyclone, even if the power consumption of the power supply unit and the rapping mechanism is considered, the total power consumption is still relatively small.
(3) The operating temperature is allowed to be high. For example, the SHWB type circuit breaker is preferably allowed to operate at a temperature of 250 ° C, and other types are up to 350 to 400 ° C or higher.
(4) The amount of processing gas is large.
(5) The automatic operation control can be fully realized.
Disadvantages of electrostatic precipitators (1) The equipment is complex, requiring high levels of equipment handling and installation and maintenance management.
(2) There is a certain requirement for dust specific resistance, so there is a certain selectivity for dust, and it is impossible to obtain high purification efficiency for all dust.
(3) It is greatly affected by the operating conditions of gas temperature and temperature, and the same kind of dust is operated under different temperatures and humiditys. The effect obtained is different. Some dusts work well under a certain temperature and humidity, while in another It is almost impossible to use an electrostatic precipitator due to changes in dust resistance at a temperature and humidity.
(4) One-time investment is large, and the horizontal electrostatic precipitator has a large area.
(5) At present, the practical effects of some enterprises do not meet the design requirements.