Static Electricity Hazards in SMT Production
In electronic product manufacturing, electrostatic discharge (ESD) often damages components, even causing them to malfunction and resulting in serious losses. Therefore, ESD protection in SMT production is crucial.
Static electricity is a form of electrical energy that resides on the surface of an object. It results from a localized imbalance of positive and negative charges, formed through the conversion of electrons or ions. Static electricity is the general term for electrical phenomena generated during the creation and disappearance of charges, such as triboelectric charging and human body static electricity.
With technological advancements, static electricity has been widely and effectively applied in fields such as electrostatic spraying, electrostatic textiles, electrostatic sorting, and electrostatic imaging. However, on the other hand, the generation of static electricity can cause significant hazards and losses in many areas. In the electronics industry, as integration density increases, the internal insulating layers of integrated circuits become thinner, and the width and spacing of interconnecting wires become smaller. For example, the typical thickness of the insulating layer in CMOS devices is approximately 0.1 μm, with a corresponding breakdown voltage of 80-100V; the insulating layer of VMOS devices is even thinner, with a breakdown voltage of 30V. The electrostatic voltage generated during the manufacturing, transportation, and storage of electronic products far exceeds the breakdown voltage of MOS devices, often causing hard breakdown or soft breakdown (localized damage) and leading to device failure or severely impacting product reliability.
Therefore, the use of anti-static products is essential, such as anti-static ionizers and static electricity dischargers.