What are the forms of damage caused by static electricity to electronic products?
The basic physical characteristics of static electricity are: attraction or repulsion, there is a potential difference with the ground, and a discharge current will be generated. Impact of these three characteristics on electronic components:
1. Static adsorption of dust reduces the insulation resistance of components (shortens the life).
2. Electrostatic discharge damages the components and prevents them from working (safety damage).
3. Heat generated by electrostatic discharge or current can cause damage to the components (potential damage).
4. The amplitude of the electromagnetic field generated by electrostatic discharge is very large (up to several hundred volts / meter) and the spectrum is extremely wide (from several tens of megabytes to several gigabits), which causes interference or even damage to electronic devices (electromagnetic interference).
If the component is damaged, it can be detected and eliminated in production and quality control, with less impact. If the component is slightly damaged by static electricity, it is not easy to find under normal testing, and it will not be found until it has been used because of multiple layers of processing. Not only is it difficult to inspect, but it also takes a lot of manpower and financial resources to detect the problem. The damage caused could be huge.