Computer room anti-static technology
The anti-static technology of the computer room is part of the safety and protection of the computer room. Static electricity due to various reasons is one of the hazards that occur more frequently and is more difficult to eliminate. Static electricity not only causes random failures in the operation of the computer, but also causes breakdown and destruction of certain components, such as CMOS, MOS circuits, and bipolar circuits. In addition, it will affect the normal work and physical and mental health of operators and maintenance personnel.
The impact of static electricity on computers is mainly reflected in the impact of static electricity on semiconductor devices. It can be said that semiconductor devices are sensitive to static electricity, that is, computers are sensitive to static electricity. With the development of the computer industry, the main component of electronic computers-semiconductor devices-has also developed rapidly. Due to the high density and high gain of semiconductor devices, the high speed, high density, large capacity, and miniaturization of electronic computers have been promoted. At the same time, it has also caused the semiconductor devices themselves to become more and more sensitive to electrostatic responses. There are two types of effects of static electricity on electronic computers. One is component damage, and the other is causing computer malfunction or calculation error.
Component damage is mainly used in medium and large-scale integrated circuits of computers, which also have a certain impact on bipolar circuits. For the early MOS circuits, when the electrostatic charged body (usually the electrostatic voltage is very high) reached the MOS circuit leg, the electrostatic charged body discharged it, causing the MOS circuit to break down.
In recent years, MOS circuits have been widely used and developed due to their high density, high speed, and low price. At present, most MOS circuits have a termination protection circuit, which improves the antistatic protection ability. However, when using it again, especially when repairing and replacing, pay attention to static electricity. The excessively high electrostatic voltage will still cause the MOS circuit to break down. The malfunction or calculation error caused by static electricity is the discharge of electricity to the computer when the static electricity touches the computer, which may cause the computer logic components to input wrong signals and cause the computer to malfunction. In severe cases, the calculation program sent to the computer is disordered. In addition, static electricity has a significant impact on the computer's external equipment. When a display device with a cathode ray tube is subjected to electrostatic interference, it may cause image disturbance and blur. Static electricity will also cause malfunctions of modems, network cards, faxes, etc., and irregular printer wiring.
The problems caused by static electricity are not only difficult for hardware personnel to detect, but sometimes software personnel mistakenly believe that it is a software failure, which causes confusion in work. In addition, when the static electricity is discharged to the computer or other equipment through the human body (so-called lighter), when the energy reaches a certain level, it will also give people a sense of electric shock, causing the mental burden of the operating system as a maintenance staff and affecting the work efficiency. How to prevent the harm of static electricity not only involves the design of the computer, but also has a lot to do with the structure and environmental conditions of the computer room. In the construction and management of the computer room, it is always an important subject to analyze the impact of static electricity on the computer, study its fault characteristics, find out the root cause of static electricity, and formulate measures to reduce or eliminate static electricity.