Routine Static Electricity Protection Measures
Static electricity protection largely boils down to raising awareness and improving the electrostatic knowledge of all personnel handling static-sensitive devices. Therefore, providing electrostatic safety operation and electrostatic protection technical education is crucial. Both US military standards and Chinese standards explicitly stipulate six aspects: electrostatic protective grounding, environmental electrostatic protection, personnel and equipment electrostatic protection, daily maintenance of electrostatic detection instruments and protective measures, etc.
1. Environmental Protective Grounding
The anti-static system must have an independent and reliable grounding device. The grounding resistance should generally be less than 10 ohms. The installation and testing methods should comply with GBJ79 requirements. The anti-static grounding wire must not be connected to the power supply neutral wire and must not be shared with the lightning protection grounding wire. A three-phase five-wire power supply should be used, and the earth wire can be used as the anti-static grounding wire (but the neutral wire must not be connected).
2. Environmental Electrostatic Protection
National standards require that the floors, walls, and ceilings of the anti-static work area be made of anti-static materials with excellent anti-static properties. Ordinary insulating materials are prohibited.
3. Static Electricity Protection for Personnel
The human body can generate static electricity ranging from tens of volts to tens of thousands of volts during daily activities and production operations. The discharge process is extremely short, and the energy released during discharge can reach tens of watts, enough to cause micro-area burnout of chips or SiO2 film breakdown. Therefore, personnel entering anti-static work areas must be equipped with anti-static protective gear such as anti-static clothing and shoes. Equipment maintenance personnel should also be equipped with anti-static wrist straps.
4. Static Electricity Protection for Equipment
Anti-static safety workbenches are a basic component of anti-static work areas. They consist of an anti-static workbench mat, wrist strap connectors, and grounding wires. Plastic, rubber, cardboard, glass, and other easily static-generating materials are not allowed to be piled on the anti-static safety workbench. Drawings and documents should be placed in anti-static document bags. Seat covers and other items should be conductive and connected to static ground. If necessary, an ion wind static eliminator should be installed on the workbench, and an anti-static mat can be placed under the seat. During the research and production of electronic equipment, all containers storing and handling static-sensitive devices (SSDs) must have anti-static properties; metal and ordinary plastic containers are not allowed. 5. Static Electricity Detection Instruments
Equip yourself with relevant static electricity detection instruments to regularly or periodically test personnel, equipment, and various protective measures to ensure the effectiveness of protection.
6. Daily Maintenance of Protective Measures
No anti-static measure is a one-time solution. Regular and proper maintenance during daily use is necessary to ensure its effectiveness, extend its service life, and reduce costs.