The four damage characteristics of static electricity for electronic products
The three most basic physical properties of static electricity are: 1. Attraction or repulsion 2. There is a potential difference from the earth 3. A discharge current is generated.
The four effects of these three features on electronic components:
1. Electrostatic adsorption of dust reduces component insulation resistance (short life).
2. The electrostatic discharge is destroyed, so that the component is damaged and cannot work (complete destruction).
3. The heat generated by an electrostatic discharge electric field or current causes the component to be injured (potentially damaged).
4. The electromagnetic field generated by electrostatic discharge has a large amplitude (up to several hundred volts/meter) and an extremely wide spectrum (from tens of megahertz to several gigabytes), causing interference or even damage to the electronic device (electromagnetic interference).
If the components are completely destroyed, they will be detected and eliminated in production and testing, and the impact will be small; if the components are slightly damaged, they are not easy to find under normal tests. In this case, it is often found that it has been destroyed after being processed at multiple levels, even when it is already in use. Not only is it difficult to check, but its loss is difficult to predict, and it takes a lot of manpower and financial resources to clear all the problems. And if the fault is detected at the time of use, the loss will be enormous.
What are the characteristics of static electricity damage to electronic products?
Concealment
The human body cannot directly sense static electricity unless an electrostatic discharge occurs. However, the human body does not necessarily have the feeling of electric shock when the electrostatic discharge occurs. This is because the electrostatic discharge voltage perceived by the human body is 2-3 KV, so the static electricity is concealed.
Potential
Some electronic components have no significant degradation in performance after being damaged by static electricity, but multiple accumulations of discharges can cause internal injuries to the device and cause hidden dangers. Therefore, the damage of static electricity to the device is potential.
3. Randomness
Under what circumstances will electronic components be subject to electrostatic damage? It can be said that all processes are threatened by static electricity from the time a component is produced until it is damaged, and the generation of such static electricity is random and its damage is random.
4. Complexity
The failure analysis of electrostatic discharge damage is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly due to the fine, fine, and small structural features of electronic products. High-tech is required, and high-precision instruments such as scanning electron microscopes are often required. Even so, some electrostatic damage phenomena are difficult to distinguish from damage caused by other causes, causing people to mistake the electrostatic damage as other failures. This is often attributed to early failure or unclear failure before the electrostatic discharge damage is not fully understood, thereby unconsciously masking the true cause of the failure. Therefore, the analysis of damage to electronic devices by static electricity is complicated.
