Four characteristics of static damage to electronic products
Static electricity is everywhere, but in the 1940s and 1950s there was very little static problem, because at that time it was a crystal triode and a diode, and the static electricity generated was not as ubiquitous as it is now. In the 1960s, with the advent of MOS devices that were very sensitive to static electricity, the problem of static electricity became more and more obvious. By the 1970s, the problem of static electricity became more and more serious. In the 1980s and 1990s, as the density of integrated circuits became larger and larger, on the one hand, the thickness of the silicon dioxide film became thinner (micron to nanometer), and the electrostatic voltage it was subjected to was lower and lower, on the other hand, And a large amount of materials that accumulate static electricity such as plastics, rubber, etc., make static electricity more and more ubiquitous.
In the production process, if the components are completely destroyed, they will be detected and eliminated in the production and quality control, and the impact will be small. If the component is slightly damaged, it is not easy to find under normal test. In this case, it is often found that after several layers of processing, even when it is used, damage is not easy to check, and its loss is difficult to predict. It takes a lot of manpower and financial resources to find out all the problems, and if you detect the failure when you use it, the loss can be huge.
The following are four characteristics of static damage to electronic products:
1. Concealment
The human body cannot directly sense static electricity unless electrostatic discharge occurs, but the human body may not have the feeling of electric shock when it is electrostatically discharged. This is because the static electricity perceived by the human body is concealed.
2. Potential
Some electronic components have not significantly reduced the performance after being damaged by static electricity, but multiple accumulated discharges may cause internal injuries to components and cause hidden dangers. Therefore, the damage of static electricity to the device is potential. 3, randomness
Under what circumstances will electronic components be subject to electrostatic damage? It can be said that all processes are threatened by static electricity from the time a component is produced until it is damaged, and the generation of such static electricity is random.
4, complexity
The failure analysis of electrostatic discharge damage is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and expensive due to the fine, fine, and small structural features of electronic products. High-tech is required and high-precision instruments such as scanning electron microscopes are often required. Even so, some electrostatic damage is difficult to be treated as other failures due to damage caused by other causes. This is often attributed to early failure or unclear failure before the electrostatic discharge damage is not fully understood, thereby unconsciously masking the true cause of the failure. Therefore, the analysis of damage to electronic devices by static electricity is complicated.