What factors are the electrostatic strength related to
1) Related to the resistance of the object:
When an object has a certain amount of net positive or net negative charge, it can be said to have static electricity. The static electricity will gradually decrease after a period of time. The length of this period of time is related to the resistance of the object. Two extreme examples are plastic and metal. Generally speaking, the resistance of plastic is very high and can maintain static electricity for a long time, while the resistance of metal is very low, and the time for grounded metal to be static is very short. The unit of static electricity is expressed in volts. The voltage in an object is determined by two factors: the charge of the object and the capacitance of the object. If the charge of an object is given, the lower the capacitance, the higher the voltage, and vice versa. Plastics generally have very low capacitance, so very high voltages can be generated with very little electricity. On the contrary, the capacitance of metal is very high, so more electricity only produces lower voltage. This is the reason why people pay more attention to the static electricity problem caused by the use of plastics in practical applications. High voltages can attract dust, cause electric shocks to operators, or change the properties of objects.
2) It is related to the humidity of the air:
Because the moisture in the air is a conductor, when the air humidity is high, it will prevent static electricity. When the relative humidity of the air is above 65-70%, a very thin water film is often formed on the surface of the object. The water film can dissolve the CO2 in the air, so that the surface resistivity is greatly reduced, and the static charge is not easy to accumulate. If the relative humidity of the surrounding air drops to 40-50%, static electricity will not easily dissipate, and a high potential may be formed.